API Gateway Essentials:

  • API Gateway is a fully-managed service that allows you to create and manage your own APIs for your application.
  • API Gateway acts as a "front door" for your application, allowing access to data/logic/functionality from your back-end services.

API Gateway Main Features:

  • Build RESTful APIs with:
    • Resources
    • Methods (i.e. GET, POST, PUT)
    • Settings
  • Deploy APIs to a "Stage" (different envs: i.e. dev, beta, production)
    • Each stage can have it's own throttling, caching metering, and logging.
  • Create a new API version by cloning an existing one.
    • You can create and work on multiple versions of an API (API version control).
  • Roll back to previous API deployments
    • A history of API deployments are kept.
  • Custom domain names.
    • Custom domain names can point to an API or Stage.
  • Create and manage API keys for access AND meter usage of the API keys through Amazon CloudWatch Logs.

  • Set throttling rules based on the number of request per second (for each HTTP method)

    • Request over the limit throttled (HTTP 429 response)

  • Security using Signature v.4 to sign and authorize API calls

    • Temporary credentials generated through Amazon Cognito and Security Token Service (STS)

Benefits of API Gateway:

  • Ability to cache API responses.
  • DDoS protection via CloudFront.
  • SDK generation for IOS, Android and Javascript.
  • Supports Swagger (a very popular framework of API development tools).
  • Request/response data transformation (i.e. JSON IN to XML OUT).

API Gateway: CloudFront

  • API Gateway benefits from using CloudFront infrastructure:
    • Built in Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attach protection and mitigation.
    • All CloudFront Edge Location become entry points for your API into your back-end.
  • Summary: Benefits are reduced latency and improved projection.

API Gateway Caching:

  • API Gateway will cache API responses so that duplicate API request do not have to hit your back-end.
    • This reduces load on your back-end.
    • Speeds up calls to your back-end.
  • You can configure a cache key and Time to Live (TTL) of the API response.
  • Caching can be setup on a per API or per stage basis.

API Gateway: CloudWatch

  • CloudWatch can be used to monitor API Gateway activity and usage.
  • Monitoring can be done on the API or Stage level.
  • Throttling rules are monitored by CloudWatch.
  • Monitoring metrics include such statitics as:
    • Caching
    • Latency
    • Detected errors
  • Method-level metrics can be monitored.
  • You can create CloudWatch alarms based on these metrics.

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